WHAT ARE THE
ILLUMINATI'S
BELIEFS?
Fears and speculations about an ominous and powerful secret society
known as the Illuminati haunted the European group since its inception,
and traveled to America when a preacher named Jedediah Morse started a
nationwide panic about Illuminati infiltrators. Conspiracy theories
about the Illuminati are still widespread more than 200 years later,
but the truth about the Illuminati and their beliefs is much less
dramatic.
Reducing Church Influence
In his 1798 sermon, Morse claimed that the Illuminati had masterminded
the French Revolution and wanted to destroy all established governments
and churches. Although there really was a secret society called the
Illuminati, they were never powerful or widespread. The Illuminati were
based at the University of Ingolstadt in the German state of Bavaria,
and their primary goal was to reduce the influence of the Catholic church
on education. Ingolstadt law professor Adam Weishaupt founded the order
in 1776 after he became convinced that Jesuit influence over the university
was preventing the students from learning about the new developments in
science and philosophy known as the Enlightenment.
Educating the Masses
Enlightenment philosophers held a broad range of opinions, but they tended
to support political reforms, scientific inquiry and new concepts such as
democracy and women's rights. Adam Weishaupt founded the Bavarian Illuminati
to spread these new ideas throughout society, educate people about science
and philosophy and oppose what he saw as superstition and ignorance. Jesuit
priests controlled the philosophy and theology departments at the University
of Ingolstadt and used that control to prevent Enlightenment concepts from
taking hold in Bavaria. The secret society structure of the Illuminati was
designed to attract influential members from the wealthier and more educated
classes so they could be secretly taught the subjects the University of
Ingolstadt was not teaching. They would then be in a position to spread the
same ideas to the lower classes.
Improving Morality
The Illuminati believed in freedom of intellectual inquiry, the equality of
the sexes and increased political freedoms. Although they were liberals by
the standards of their era, they were not the libertines their critics
accused them of being. Weishaupt and other Illuminati leaders such as the
Baron Adolphe-François-Frederic Knigge believed that the spread of
Enlightenment ideals would make people both wise and moral. They believed
that an educated public would reject superstition and reform society.
Fall of the Illuminati
There were about 2,000 Illuminati when the Elector of Bavaria banned the order
in 1784. Adam Weishaupt was banished from the country in the crackdown that
followed, and by the time Morse gave his sermon in 1798, the Bavarian Illuminati
had been crushed. Despite the conspiracy theories that have thrived since then,
there is no evidence they continue to exist. Several orders claiming to be either
revivals or continuations of the Illuminati have come forward since the 19th
century, including the World League of Illuminati and the Orden Illuminati.
Because these are secret organizations, there is no way to determine whether they
share the beliefs of the original Bavarian Illuminati without receiving initiation.
What Are the Illuminati's Beliefs?
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